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BMC Oral Health Jan 2023Most patients with insufficient bone mass suffer from severe horizontal or vertical bone defects in oral implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the...
BACKGROUND
Most patients with insufficient bone mass suffer from severe horizontal or vertical bone defects in oral implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the bone regeneration effects of titanium meshes with different porosity in the treatment of bone defects.
METHODS
Nine beagle dogs were equally divided into three groups based on execution time. Three months after the extraction of the first to fourth premolars of the mandible, three bone defects were randomly made in the mandible. Bone particles and three kinds of three-dimensional (3D) printed titanium nets with different porosities (low porosity group (LP), 55%; medium porosity group (MP), 62%; and high porosity group (HP), 68%) were replanted in situ. The beagles were killed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Formalin-fixed specimens were embedded in acrylic resin. The specimens were stained with micro-CT, basic fuchsin staining, and toluidine blue staining.
RESULTS
Micro-CT analysis showed that the trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and bone volume fraction of the HP group were higher than those of the other two groups. Moreover, the trabecular separation of the HP group decreased slightly and was lower than that of the MP and LP groups. Histological staining analysis showed that the trabecular number in the HP group was higher than in the other two groups at 8 and 12 weeks, and the bone volume fraction of the HP was higher than that in the other two groups at 12 weeks. Moreover, the trabecular thickness of the MP was higher than that of the LP group at 12 weeks and the trabecular separation was lower in the HP group at 4 and 8 weeks. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
A 3D printed titanium mesh with HP in a certain range may have more advantages than a titanium mesh with LP in repairing large bone defects.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Porosity; Titanium; Dental Implants; Surgical Mesh; Bone Regeneration; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 36604677
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02717-5 -
Journal of Bacteriology Jan 1962Thyagarajan, T. R. (Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.) and H. B. Naylor. Cytology of Rhodotorula glutinis. J. Bacteriol. 83:127-136. 1962.-The structure and manner of...
Thyagarajan, T. R. (Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.) and H. B. Naylor. Cytology of Rhodotorula glutinis. J. Bacteriol. 83:127-136. 1962.-The structure and manner of division of nuclei in actively dividing cells of Rhodotorula glutinis were studied with the phase contrast microscope. The nucleus consists of a dense central body, surrounded by a shell of optically uniform material of low density. The entire structure is enclosed within a nuclear membrane. Various fixation and staining techniques were employed to confirm the observations made from living cells. Since the dense central body is Feulgen-negative and is readily stained by iron alum hematoxylin, it is identified as the nucleolus. The material surrounding the nucleolus has no marked affinity for hematoxylin but is Feulgen-positive and stains intensely with Giemsa and basic fuchsin. The nucleus appears to divide by a process of elongation and constriction during which roughly half of the nucleolus, along with the surrounding chromatin, passes into the bud. The nuclear membrane was found to persist during all stages of division. Vacuoles were seldom observed in actively dividing cells. The nucleus of R. glutinis is similar in structure to the nuclei of higher organisms, but its behavior during division is quite different.
Topics: Cell Nucleolus; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Rhodotorula; Staining and Labeling; Yeasts
PubMed: 13921134
DOI: 10.1128/jb.83.1.127-136.1962 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022In view of the water pollution issues caused by pathogenic microorganisms and harmful organic contaminants, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient...
In view of the water pollution issues caused by pathogenic microorganisms and harmful organic contaminants, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient antimicrobial agents are urgently required. Herein, a nickel-based Keggin polyoxomolybdate [Ni(L)(HL)]H[PMoO] 4HO (, HL = 2-acetylpyrazine thiosemicarbazone) was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method and successfully characterized. Compound exhibited high stability in a wide range of pH values from 4 to 10. demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 0.0019-0.2400 µg/mL against four types of bacteria, including (), (), (), and (). Further time-kill studies indicated that killed almost all (99.9%) of and Meanwhile, the possible antibacterial mechanism was explored, and the results indicate that the antibacterial properties of originate from the synergistic effect between [Ni(L)(HL)] and [PMoO]. In addition, presented effective adsorption of basic fuchsin (BF) dyes. The kinetic data fitted a pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, and the maximum adsorption efficiency for the BF dyes (29.81 mg/g) was determined by the data fit of the Freundlich isotherm model. The results show that BF adsorption was dominated by both chemical adsorption and multilayer adsorption. This work provides evidence that has potential to effectively remove dyes and pathogenic bacteria from wastewater.
Topics: Adsorption; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coloring Agents; Escherichia coli; Nickel; Rosaniline Dyes; Staphylococcus aureus; Water Purification
PubMed: 36077048
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179651 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was doped with a rare-earth metal, Eu, using a solvent synthesis method evenly on the surface of a mixed-crystal TiO(Mc-TiO)...
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was doped with a rare-earth metal, Eu, using a solvent synthesis method evenly on the surface of a mixed-crystal TiO(Mc-TiO) structure in order to produce a core-shell structure composite ZIF-8(Eu)@Mc-TiO adsorption photocatalyst with good adsorption and photocatalytic properties. The characterisation of ZIF-8(Eu)@Mc-TiO was performed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) and ultraviolet-visible light differential reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRs). The results indicated that Eu-doped ZIF-8 was formed evenly on the Mc-TiO surface, a core-shell structure formed and the light-response range was enhanced greatly. The ZIF-8(Eu)@Mc-TiO for basic fuchsin was investigated to validate its photocatalytic performance. The effect of the Eu doping amount, basic fuchsin concentration and photocatalyst dosage on the photocatalytic efficiency were investigated. The results revealed that, when 5%-Eu-doped ZIF-8(Eu)@Mc-TiO (20 mg) was combined with 30 mg/L basic fuchsin (100 mL) under UV irradiation for 1 h, the photocatalytic efficiency could reach 99%. Further, it exhibited a good recycling performance. Thus, it shows certain advantages in its degradation rate and repeatability compared with previously reported materials. All of these factors suggested that, in an aqueous medium, ZIF-8(Eu)@Mc-TiO is an eco-friendly, sustainable and efficient material for the photocatalytic degradation of basic fuchsin.
PubMed: 34885420
DOI: 10.3390/ma14237265 -
RSC Advances May 2020The presence of dyes in a water system has potential adverse effects on the ecological environment. The conventional cyclodextrin (CD) polymer only has CD cavities as...
The presence of dyes in a water system has potential adverse effects on the ecological environment. The conventional cyclodextrin (CD) polymer only has CD cavities as adsorption sites and exhibits slow adsorption for dye removal. In this study, we designed a novel carboxymethyl β-CD polymer (β-CDP-COOH). The structural properties of β-CDP-COOH were characterized as an irregular cross-linked polymer with negative surface charge, and the introduction of carboxymethyl groups greatly enhanced the adsorption ability of the β-CD polymer to basic fuchsin (BF). The maximum removal efficiency of β-CDP-COOH (96%) could be achieved within 1 min, whereas that of conventional β-CD polymer (70%) was achieved after 50 min. The adsorption mechanism revealed that the adsorption behavior of β-CDP-COOH could be effectively fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. Both CD cavities and carboxymethyl groups were effective adsorption sites, so β-CDP-COOH had an advantage in adsorption capacity over the conventional β-CD polymer. This study indicated that β-CDP-COOH is a potential highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye contaminants.
PubMed: 35517770
DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10797e -
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of... 1993
Review
Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Coloring Agents; Cricetinae; Humans; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neoplasms; Occupational Diseases; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rosaniline Dyes; Toluidines
PubMed: 8207857
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Apr 2016Microleakage may cause tooth sensitivity, secondary caries, discoloration and even failure of the restoration. In order to overcome these potential problems, materials...
BACKGROUND
Microleakage may cause tooth sensitivity, secondary caries, discoloration and even failure of the restoration. In order to overcome these potential problems, materials that are able to bind to the tooth structure have been developed, such as composite resin and glass ionomer cement. The purpose of the study was to compare microleakage arising from amalgam (Am), composite resin (CR), glass ionomer (GI), Ketac-Silver (KS), and GI filling with banding (GI+B) when these materials are used for class II restoration of a primary molar.
METHODS
Fifty primary molars were collected and class II cavities were prepared on each tooth. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups (Am, CR, GI, KS, and GI+B), each of which received a different material as part of the restoration. The restored teeth then underwent 100 cycles of thermocycling that consisted of 55°C for 30 seconds, 19°C for 20 seconds, and 5°C for 30 seconds. The teeth were then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24 hours. Afterwards, the teeth were embedded and sectioned mesiodistally through the center of each restoration. Dye penetration associated with the occlusal and cervical margins of each restoration was then assessed.
RESULTS
Cervical leakage was greater than occlusal leakage in the CR, GI and KS groups (p < 0.05). When leakage on occlusal margin was examined, however, the Am group showed greater leakage than the CR, GI, and GI+B groups (p < 0.05). When leakage on the cervical margin was examined, the Am group showed greater leakage than the GI and GI+B groups, while the KS group showed greater leakage than the GI+B group (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Restorations using GI and GI+B indicated that these materials performed better than the other materials in this study overall. However, none of the materials were entirely devoid of leakage.
Topics: Acrylic Resins; Cermet Cements; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Molar; Silicon Dioxide; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 26839288
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2015.10.007 -
European Journal of Dentistry Sep 2013The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of operator variability on microleakage with different adhesive systems.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of operator variability on microleakage with different adhesive systems.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 180 standardized Class V cavities were prepared on facial and lingual of 90 extracted human premolar teeth and randomly assigned to five groups according to the adhesive systems used (n = 36): Prime and Bond NT (PB), Single Bond (SB), Futura Bond NR, Xeno III (XE) and Adper Prompt-L-Pop (LP). The adhesive groups were then further subdivided into three operator groups according to level of clinical experience (n = 12): An undergraduate student, a research assistant and a faculty member. All cavities were restored with same composite resin. The restored teeth were thermocycled (500 cycles, 5-55°C) then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin and measured for leakage under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.
RESULTS
Significant inter-operator variation was found in the enamel margins in the XE group with significantly higher microleakage when used by the undergraduate student (P < 0.05). Although no significant differences in microleakage were found between adhesive systems for the research assistant and faculty member (P > 0.05), significant differences were observed between PB and LP, PB and XE, SB and LP and SB and XE in the enamel margins for the undergraduate student (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Microleakage of adhesive systems is more dependent on interactions between the operator and adhesive material than on the choice of adhesive material.
PubMed: 24966730
DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.119075 -
Investigative Radiology Jun 2020The aim of this study was to grade cartilage damage in a swine model of osteoarthritis using a whole-body photon-counting detector (PCD) CT.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to grade cartilage damage in a swine model of osteoarthritis using a whole-body photon-counting detector (PCD) CT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A multienergy phantom containing gadolinium (Gd) (2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/mL) and hydroxyapatite (200 and 400 mg/cc) was scanned using a PCD-CT system (48 × 0.25 mm collimation, 80 kV, 800 mAs, D50 reconstruction kernel) to serve as calibration for material decomposition and to assess quantification accuracy. Osteoarthritis was induced in Yucatan miniswine (n = 8) using 1.2 mg monoiodoacetate (MIA) injected into a randomized knee, whereas the contralateral control knee received saline. Twenty-one days later, a contrast bolus (gadoterate meglumine, 4 mL/knee) was intra-articularly administered into both knees. The knees were simultaneously scanned on the PCD-CT system (48 × 0.25 mm collimation, 80 kV, 800 mAs). Multienergy images were reconstructed with a sharp "V71" kernel and a quantitative "D50" kernel. Image denoising was applied to the V71 images before grading cartilage damage, and an iterative material decomposition technique was applied to D50 images to generate the Gd maps. Two radiologists blinded to the knee injection status graded the cartilage integrity based on a modified International Cartilage Repair Society scoring system. Histology was performed on excised cartilage using methylene blue/basic fuchsin. Statistical analysis of grade distribution was performed using an exact test of omnibus symmetry with P < 0.05 considered significant.
RESULTS
Material decomposed images from the multienergy phantom scan showed delineation and quantification of Gd and hydroxyapatite with a root-mean-squared error of 0.3 mg/mL and 18.4 mg/cc, respectively. In the animal cohort, the radiologists reported chondromalacia in the MIA knees with International Cartilage Repair Society scores ranging from grade 1 (cartilage heterogeneity, n = 4 knees) to grade 3 (up to 100% cartilage loss, n = 4 knees). Grade 1 was characterized by cartilage heterogeneity and increased joint space in the patellofemoral compartment, whereas grade 3 was characterized by cartilage erosion and bone-on-bone articulation in the patellofemoral compartment. All control knees were scored as grade 0 (normal cartilage). Significant difference (P = 0.004) was observed in the grade distribution between the MIA and control knees. Gross examination of the excised knees showed cartilage lesions in the grade 3 MIA knees. The Gd maps from material decomposition showed lower contrast levels in the joint space of the MIA knee compared with the contralateral control knee due to joint effusion. Histology revealed chondrocyte loss in the MIA knee cartilage confirming the chondrotoxic effects of MIA on cartilage matrix.
CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrated a high-resolution and quantitative PCD-CT arthrography technique for grading cartilage damage in a large animal model of osteoarthritis. Photon-counting detector CT offers simultaneous high-resolution and multienergy imaging capabilities that allowed morphological assessment of cartilage loss and quantification of contrast levels in the joint as a marker of joint disease. Cartilage damage in the MIA knees was graded using PCD-CT images, and the image-based findings were further confirmed using histology and gross examination of the excised knees.
Topics: Animals; Arthrography; Cartilage, Articular; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Knee Joint; Male; Meglumine; Organometallic Compounds; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Phantoms, Imaging; Swine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31985604
DOI: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000648 -
International Journal of... 2022Mycobacterial fatty acid synthase Type-II (FAS-II) components are major virulence factors exploited as potential targets for developing novel antimycobacterial drugs....
BACKGROUND
Mycobacterial fatty acid synthase Type-II (FAS-II) components are major virulence factors exploited as potential targets for developing novel antimycobacterial drugs. The FAS-II enzyme 3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (HadC) is important for biofilm development and pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial species.
METHODS
Literature review and homology search led to the identification of Mycobacterium fortuitum MFhadC gene. Functional interaction study of MFHadC protein was done using STRING. M. fortuitum MFhadC over-expressing (HS) and knockdown (HA) strains were constructed and validated by expression analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The strains were analyzed for growth behavior and surface spreading ability. Biofilm formation was assayed through crystal violet assay, viability count, and basic fuchsin staining. In addition, survival of the strains was studied under in vitro nutrient starvation and detergent stress.
RESULTS
STRING analysis showed the interaction of HadC with proteins involved in biofilm formation. The strains HS and HA showed spreading ability on the agarose surface, exhibiting translocation patterns similar to the vector control strain. All three strains showed a similar amount of biofilm formation when analyzed using crystal violet assay, viability count, and basic fuchsin staining. The strains showed no deviation in survival when incubated under nutrient starvation and detergent stress.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that MFhadC may not be important for the formation and maintenance of biofilm, a factor critically important in M. fortuitum pathogenicity. However, not essential for survival and growth, MFhadC maintains the viability of M. fortuitum under a nutrient-starved environment. Collectively, MFhadC may not be used as a biofilm-specific marker for M. fortuitum.
Topics: Biofilms; Detergents; Fatty Acid Synthases; Gentian Violet; Humans; Mycobacterium fortuitum; Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PubMed: 35775548
DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_46_22